301 redirect vs 307 redirect

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I am wondering about the difference between 301 and 307 redirects.

I am looking to generate backlinks through a home-brew url redirector, and I wish for any of the "link juice" or "page rank juice" to flow directly from the originating back page through to the final URL, but if one of the originating back pages goes bad, I'd like to be able to shut that link off by deleting the redirect link for that particular page. Make sense?

My understanding is that 301's are permanent meaning that google will see the 301 and update its cached URL as the final destination, regardless of whether I kill off that redirect at a later time.

If I use a 307, it won't cache the destination URL and will keep checking the redirect URL to see where the back link actually points to, and if I kill off the redirect link, Google will no longer assign that back link to the destination URL.

Is this a correct summary?

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It's correct. Actually 307 is variation of the more common 302 redirect

301 Moved Permanently This and all future requests should be directed to the given URI.

307 Temporary Redirect (since HTTP/1.1)
In this case, the request should be repeated with another URI;
however, future requests should still use the original URI.