In my current architecture, I submit push notifications using the GCM API. This triggers a 'push' event in the service worker. The service worker then adds some data to the notification.
If the service worker is unable to add the data, due to some error, I am getting a blank notification.
Can service workers avoid showing notifications sent by GCM?
From the Push Notifications guide at Google Developers:
The upshot is that if you don't show something in response to a push (after promising the browser that you will), the browser (Chrome, at any rate) will just show something for you. However, it seems likely that this will change at some point.