Deleting tmp files

Question

I read this post on how to delete tmp files. The solution in that post is:

do.call(file.remove, list(list.files("C:/Temp", full.names = TRUE)))

The directory "C:/Temp" is presumably fine with windows machines. Since I'm on linux I wasn't sure what my tmp file dir was so I did this:

tmp <- tempfile()

Which returns: "/tmp/RtmpNS80no/file147c37e54e8e"

So, I tried this:

do.call(file.remove, list(list.files("tmp", full.names = TRUE)))

This returns "logical(0)" so presumably did not work?

How do I delete all my tmp files?

Answer 1

You can get the temp directory for the current R session. It does not change when called several times

tmp_dir <- tempdir()
tmp_dir
#> [1] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh"
tempdir()
#> [1] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh"

The temp directory contains the temp files and directory for the current R session

list.files(tmp_dir)
#> [1] "file16dc20539ab"  "file16dc4ad71f"   "file16dc5bab1716"
#> [4] "file16dc74d65663"

The session temp directory is in the temp directory of the system. You can use this path if you want to delete all in the temp directory of the system (not recommended though because it is for all the system, not just R temp files)

dirname(tmp_dir)
#> [1] "C:/Users/chris/AppData/Local/Temp"

This path is also contains in an environnement variable for the OS. (Obviously, I am on windows)

Sys.getenv("TEMP")
#> [1] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp"
shell("echo %TMP%", intern = T) # command line from R on windows
#> [1] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp"

tempfile() gives the path of a possible temporary file, in the tempdir() directory by default, with no file extension. The file is not created and tempfile gives different values when calls several times

tmp_file <- tempfile()
tmp_file
#> [1] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh\\file16dc202636f"
file.exists(tmp_file)
#> [1] FALSE

tempfile() # new file path when called again
#> [1] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh\\file16dc72594e58"

We can write something to tmp_file.

# file is created by writeLines if it does not exist (this is the case here)
writeLines("This is a temp file", con = tmp_file)
file.exists(tmp_file)
#> [1] TRUE

We can read from this file

readLines(tmp_file)
#> [1] "This is a temp file"

Now if you want to delete this file

file.remove(tmp_file)
#> [1] TRUE
file.exists(tmp_file)
#> [1] FALSE

If you want to delete all files in the R session temp folder, you can use file.remove on a list of files. For this example purpose, I deleted all temp file beginning with "file" ("^file" is a regex for that pattern). There are more than I created - R session seems to create some temp file along the way.

files <- list.files(tmp_dir, full.names = T, pattern = "^file")
files
#>  [1] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc1a6a6e15"
#>  [2] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc1ff572fc"
#>  [3] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc20539ab" 
#>  [4] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc2e2227b8"
#>  [5] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc4ad71f"  
#>  [6] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc513c35b6"
#>  [7] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc570a473f"
#>  [8] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc5bab1716"
#>  [9] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc6e102bd4"
#> [10] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc6f253f90"
#> [11] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc74d65663"
file.remove(files)
#> Warning in file.remove(files): impossible d'effacer le fichier 'C:
#> \Users\chris\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpmusYkh/file16dc1ff572fc', à cause de
#> 'Permission denied'
#>  [1]  TRUE FALSE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE

I get a warning because there is a file I can't delete (probably in use by R right now)

If you want to remove a folder you can use unlink too

# create a new directory under tempdir
dir.create(dir1 <- file.path(tempdir(), "testdir"))
# create 2 file under this new directory
file.create(file1 <- tempfile(tmpdir = dir1))
#> [1] TRUE
file.create(file2 <- tempfile(tmpdir = dir1))
#> [1] TRUE
file1
#> [1] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/testdir\\file16dc26b5cb7"
file2
#> [1] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/testdir\\file16dc2b0816fe"
list.files(dir1, full.names = T)
#> [1] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/testdir/file16dc26b5cb7" 
#> [2] "C:\\Users\\chris\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\RtmpmusYkh/testdir/file16dc2b0816fe"

# we can delete the all directory with `unlink`. It deletes also the directory
unlink(dir1, recursive = T)
dir.exists(dir1)
#> [1] FALSE

Answer 2

After spending hours to find out how to use cmd to delete old files and folders I ended up writing this R script which I will definitely automate to run every week:

#Windows Environmental variable %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp
PCTempDir <- Sys.getenv("TEMP")

#detect and delete folders with pattern "Rtmp"
folders <- dir(PCTempDir, pattern = "Rtmp", full.names = TRUE)
unlink(folders, recursive = TRUE, force = TRUE, expand = TRUE)

This will delete Rtmp* folders with files left by executed R scripts as I have a lot of them on my computer

Of course such script could be also expanded to accommodate other folders

Answer 3

The accepted solution assumes a unique temp dir.
However, several packages might run their task using specific temp directories. A typical behaviour (see for example devtools) is to clean up clutter, when the task is successfully completed, but to leave the temp material, in case of errors, to allow the user to check for log files and the likes. When you happen to deal with them, your hard disk gets full of microtemp dirs, and removing them manually is impractical.

tdirs <- Sys.glob(file.path(dirname(tempdir()), "Rtmp*"))
print(tdirs)  # Perhaps check before deleting 
names(which(sapply(tdirs[! tdirs %in% tempdir()], unlink, recursive = TRUE) != 0))

Above, I use the parent of tempdir() and the Rtmp prefix to identify the location of temporary directories.
Last line returns the directories that it was not possible to remove (most likely locked by the OS).
[! tdirs %in% tempdir()] leaves the main session directory, to avoid restarting R.
Tested on Linux.

Answer 4

Here's a very simple way

unlink(paste0(normalizePath(tempdir()), "/", dir(tempdir())), recursive = TRUE)

To confirm it worked

dir(tempdir())
# character(0)