Direct3D9 "Clear" Function Not Clearing

Question

So I am trying to clear a window to go completely blue, but for some reason D3D9 "Clear()" function won't work. I've done error checking so I know 100% that it's the Clear() function that's failing and not something else. I've checked it with code that I've previously coded that works, so I have no clue why this won't work. The return value of Clear() is "-2005530516", though I couldn't find anything online about what that means. Any ideas?

#include "DirectX.h"

LPDIRECT3D9 d3d;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev;

int InitD3D(HWND hWnd)
{
    d3d = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);

    if (d3d == nullptr)
        return -1;

    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));

    d3dpp.Windowed = true;
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
    d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hWnd;

    d3d->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd, D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &d3ddev);

    if (d3ddev == nullptr)
        return -1;

    return 0;
}

int CreateBoard()
{
    D3DRECT rect;
    rect = { 100, 50, 200, 100 };
    
    //d3ddev->Clear(1, &rect, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 255), 1.0f, NULL);
    HRESULT result = d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 255), 1.0f, NULL);

    if (result == D3DERR_INVALIDCALL)
    {
        MessageBoxA(NULL, "ERROR: FAILED TO CLEAR", "ERROR", MB_ICONERROR);
        return result;
    }
    return 0;
}

void CleanD3D()
{
    d3d->Release();
    d3ddev->Release();
}

Answer 1

The value "-2005530516" is a decimal version of an HRESULT (usually printed as a hexadecimal number). It's D3DERR_INVALIDCALL. Of course, you are assigning that value:

if (result = D3DERR_INVALIDCALL)

Did you mean?

if (result == D3DERR_INVALIDCALL)