I have a table like this one :
This table represents a species (No = 3) and the number of individual for the last 6 years. (FYI, the table cannot be displayed differently.)
I created a Combo Box which displays the last 6 years (based on a field list).
What I have to do so that the turquoise rectangular automatically displays "31", for example, if the year "2014" is selected?
The question doesn't contain enough detail about the host form and other bound controls, so the following is just a pattern to follow.
Set the Control Source of the turquoise (i.e. cyan) control to something like
This assumes that there is a bound control named [ELEMENT_ID] on the form. Brackets wrap the ComboBox value to ensure the value is interpreted as a column name and not a number.