What is the simplest way to detect color in Python?

Question

I'm trying to write a Python program that detects the color of a portion of the screen and puts it in a conditional. The easiest way, I would think, would be to detect the color underneath the cursor (which would work perfectly with my program), but I can't find many up-to-date resources on that. I would like to be able to have the RGB, HEX, or some other type of value in a variable. Some ways that would work for my program: detecting the color under the cursor, detecting the color of a certain pixel, or detecting the color of a portion of pixels. Thanks for your help!