using TryGetValue from key and adding not working as intened

Question

I have this code to retrieve a value(integer array) out of a dictionary Then increment one of the elements inside the integer array based on the if statement it is in..

        Dictionary<string, int[]> ResultDic = new Dictionary<string, int[]>();
        if (TeamOnePoint > TeamTwoPoint)
        {
            ResultDic.TryGetValue(TeamOneResult, out OutOfDic);
            OutOfDic[0]++;
            OutOfDic[1]++;
            ////ResultDic.Remove(TeamOneResult);
            ////ResultDic.Add(TeamOneResult, OutOfDic);
            ResultDic[TeamOneResult] = OutOfDic;;
            ResultDic.TryGetValue(TeamTwoResult, out OutOfDic);
            OutOfDic[0]++;
            OutOfDic[2]++;
            ////ResultDic.Remove(TeamTwoResult);
            ////ResultDic.Add(TeamTwoResult, OutOfDic);
            ResultDic[TeamTwoResult] = OutOfDic;
            }

Now the problem I have is that evertime I read the modified OutOfDic array back into the dictionary into the value part where I specified the Key, every value in the dictionary is modified as well, and not just the key I specified. The commented part gives the same result as the non commented part. How do I fix this problem to only add the value to the specified key?

Answer 1

The behaviour you've described is only possible if you've added the same array to the dictionary multiple times. Since arrays are reference types every change will affect all values in the dictionay.

So instead of doing this(for example):

Dictionary<string, int[]> ResultDic = new Dictionary<string, int[]>();
int[] array = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
ResultDic.Add("TeamOne", array);
ResultDic.Add("TeamTwo", array);

You should do this:

int[] array = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
ResultDic.Add("TeamOne", array);
array = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
ResultDic.Add("TeamTwo", array);

Note that it's not necessary to re-assign the array to the dictionary for the same reason (it's a reference type). So you can remove these lines:

ResultDic[TeamOneResult] = OutOfDic;;
// ....
ResultDic[TeamTwoResult] = OutOfDic;