What's the encoding of text retrieved with IFilter?

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I've been wondering about extracted text's encoding using IFilter.

IFilter::GetText() retrieves WCHAR*, but what if the file is encoded with ASCII? What about other Unicode encoding (such as UTF-8 or UTF-16?)?

As I see it, it's either IFilter taking care of converting the extracted text to a single encoding (if it is the case - what is this encoding?), and if not, how do I know which encoding is it?

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The output text is UTF-16 (everything in Windows that uses WCHAR is UTF-16). There is no way to query the encoding of the input data, you would have to analyze that data yourself if needed.