Can anyone explain the pros and cons to using Data.Textand Data.ByteString.Char8 data types? Does working with ASCII-only text change these pros and cons? Do their lazy variants change the story as well?
Data.Text vs Data.ByteString.Char8
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Data.ByteString.Char8provides functions to treatByteStringvalues as sequences of 8-bit ASCII characters, whileData.Textis an independent type supporting the entirety of Unicode.ByteStringandTextare essentially the same, as far as representation goes — strict, unboxed arrays with lazy variants based on lists of strict chunks. The main difference is thatByteStringstores octets (i.e.Word8s), whileTextstoresChars, encoded in UTF-16.If you're working with ASCII-only text, then using
Data.ByteString.Char8will probably be faster thanText, and use less memory; however, you should ask yourself whether you're really sure that you're only ever going to work with ASCII. Basically, in 99% of cases, usingData.ByteString.Char8overTextis a speed hack — octets aren't characters, and any Haskeller can agree that using the correct type should be prioritised over raw, bare-metal speed. You should usually only consider it if you've profiled the program and it's a bottleneck.Textis well-optimised, and the difference will probably be negligible in most cases.Of course, there are non-speed-related situations in which
Data.ByteString.Char8is warranted. Consider a file containing data that is essentially binary, not text, but separated into lines; usinglinesis completely reasonable. Additionally, it's entirely conceivable that an integer might be encoded in ASCII decimal in the context of a binary format; usingreadIntwould make perfect sense in that case.So, basically:
Data.ByteString.Char8: For pure ASCII situations where performance is paramount, and to handle "almost-binary" data that has some ASCII components.Data.Text: Text, including any situation where there's the slightest possibility of something other than ASCII being used.