Java aggregate same objects into one

Question

I'm quite new into programming and got a tricky question. I got an object which has multiple parameters:

public class SampleObject {
    private String number;
    private String valueOne;
    private String valueTwo;
    private String valueThree;
    
    // getters, setters, all-args constructor
}

Every object always has non-null number attribute as well as one of three values-field. So for example, if valueOne is not null, the other two value fields valueTwo and valueThree would be null.

So here's my problem:

The SampleObject is referenced in AnotherClass which looks so:

public class AnotherClass {
    private UUID id;
    private List<SampleObject> sampleObjects;
    
    // getters, setters, all-args constructor
}

I am receiving one object of AnotherClass containing multiple entities of SampleClass in a list.

What I want to do is merge all SampleObjects which got the same number into one object and provide a map, where the number is the key and value are the value parameters. For example:

Sample1(number:"1", valueOne="1", valueTwo=null, valueThree=null)
Sample2(number:"1", valueOne=null, valueTwo="2", valueThree=null)
Sample3(number:"1", valueOne=null, valueTwo=null, valueThree="3")
Sample4(number:"2", valueOne="5", valueTwo=null, valueThree=null)

Desired state:

Sample1Merged(number:"1", valueOne="1", valueTwo="2", valueThree="3")
Sample4(number:"2", valueOne="5", valueTwo=null, valueThree=null)

What I have already done is the following:

final Map<String, SampleObject> mapOfMergedSamples = new LinkedHashMap<>();

anotherClass.getSampleObjects().stream()
    .sorted(Comparator.comparing(SampleObject::getNumber))
    .forEach(s -> mapOfMergedSamples.put(s.getNumber(), new SampleObject(Stream.of(s.getValueOne(), s.getValueTwo())
        .filter(Objects::nonNull)
        .collect(Collectors.joining()), s.getValueThree()))
    );
    
return mapOfMergedSamples;

The problem with my current try is that every number gets overwritten because they have the same key in the map (the number in the SampleObject) does someone know how can I archive my desired state?

Answer 1

Based on your usage of Collector.joining() I assume that you want to concatenate all non-null values without any delimiters (anyway it can be easily changed).

In order to combine SampleObject instances having the same number property, you can group them into an intermediate Map where the number would serve as Key and a custom accumulation type (having properties valueOne, valueTwo, valueThree) would be a Value (note: if you don't want to define a new type, you can put the accumulation right into the SampleObject, but I'll go with a separate class because this approach is more flexible).

Here's it might look like (for convenience, I've implemented Consumer interface):

public class SampleObjectAccumulator implements Consumer<SampleObject> {
    private StringBuilder valueOne = new StringBuilder();
    private StringBuilder valueTwo = new StringBuilder();
    private StringBuilder valueThree = new StringBuilder();

    @Override
    public void accept(SampleObject sampleObject) {
        if (sampleObject.getValueOne() != null) valueOne.append(sampleObject.getValueOne());
        if (sampleObject.getValueTwo() != null) valueTwo.append(sampleObject.getValueTwo());
        if (sampleObject.getValueThree() != null) valueThree.append(sampleObject.getValueThree());
    }
    
    public SampleObjectAccumulator merge(SampleObjectAccumulator other) {
        valueOne.append(other.valueOne);
        valueTwo.append(other.valueTwo);
        valueThree.append(other.valueThree);
        return this;
    }
    
    public SampleObject toSampleObject(String number) {
        return new SampleObject(
            number,
            valueOne.toString(),
            valueTwo.toString(),
            valueThree.toString()
        );
    }
    
    // getters
}

To create an intermediate Map we can use Collector groupingBy() and as its downstream Collector, in order to leverage the custom accumulation type, we can provide a custom collector, which can instantiated using factory method Collector.of().

Then we need to create a stream over the entries of the intermediate map in order to transform the Value.

Note that sorting applied in only the second stream.

AnotherClass anotherClass = // initializing the AnotherClass instance

final Map<String, SampleObject> mapOfMergedSamples = anotherClass.getSampleObjects().stream()
    .collect(Collectors.groupingBy(
        SampleObject::getNumber,
        Collector.of(
            SampleObjectAccumulator::new,
            SampleObjectAccumulator::accept,
            SampleObjectAccumulator::merge
        )
    ))
    .entrySet().stream()
    .sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByKey())
    .collect(Collectors.toMap(
        Map.Entry::getKey,
        e -> e.getValue().toSampleObject(e.getKey()),
        (left, right) -> { throw new AssertionError("All keys are expected to be unique"); },
        LinkedHashMap::new
    ));