Given the following file (that I have no control over):
I want to be able to select the last row. I tried doing an ORDER BY the date column; however, as you can see there may be multiple date columns.
Without an ID field, how can I select the last column that physically exists in the file?
I've spent a while googling everything points to sorting by a column.

As you have no clustered index (which would constitute the physical ordering of the data), it is impossible. Tables are only ordered deterministically if you use an order by clause.
See e.g. sql-best-practice-to-deal-with-default-sort-order
If your current concern could still be considered in the database schema design, the adding of a loaddate field can be considered, which would be set to the time the row is created. (If your last column is such a loaddate you could still use an order by clause on the column)