Wrong encoding of emails

Question

We can not figure out why two almost identical emails are differently rendered.

• One contains proper rendering of Polish characters:

In the Gmail source code, we can see:

U=C5=BCyj linku poni=C5=BCej by zaakceptowa=C4=87 umow=C4=99 powie= rzenia danych osobowych

• Another contains incorrect rendering of Polish characters:

In the Gmail source code, we can see:

U=EF=BF=BD=EF=BF=BDyj linku poni=EF=BF=BD=EF=BF=BDej by zaakceptow= a=EF=BF=BD=EF=BF=BD umow=EF=BF=BD=EF=BF=BD powierzenia danych osobowych

Encoding in both cases is defined as:

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

From terminal, we can see that all the emails templates for command:

$ file -bi *.html

are returning:

text/html; charset=utf-8

What are we missing here?

Answer 1

For some reason, saving file again in Intellij IDE, rebuilding WAR file and deploying it on production solved this issue.