Trilinos library: error adding symbols: file in wrong format

Question

I'm a newbie to C++ and NetBeans. Recently I have been trying to set up NetBeans for my C++ project, which was developed by one of my colleagues 5 to 10 years ago, but I kept receiving compiler errors. We used trilinos for numerical simulation. There is no compiler error in my colleague's Linux desktop, but somehow I just couldn't set up NetBeans in my virtual Linux via UTM.

As shown above, I followed the NetBeans settings in his Linux desktop and added a library file lib/trilinos/lib/libepetra.so.12 into the Linker > Libraries. Then I right clicked the project and selected Build, now here is the compiler error message.

cd '/root/Venus/Folders/MyProject'
/usr/bin/gmake -f Makefile CONF=Serial
"/usr/bin/gmake" -f nbproject/Makefile-Serial.mk QMAKE= SUBPROJECTS= .build-conf
gmake[1]: Entering directory '/root/Venus/Folders/MyProject'
"/usr/bin/gmake"  -f nbproject/Makefile-Serial.mk dist/MyProject
gmake[2]: Entering directory '/root/Venus/Folders/MyProject'
mkdir -p dist
g++     -o dist/MyProject build/Serial/GNU-Linux/main.o -Llib/trilinos/lib -lboost_system lib/trilinos/lib/libepetra.so.12

/usr/bin/ld: lib/trilinos/lib/libepetra.so.12: error adding symbols: file in wrong format

collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

gmake[2]: *** [nbproject/Makefile-Serial.mk:65: dist/MyProject] Error 1
gmake[2]: Leaving directory '/root/Venus/Folders/MyProject'
gmake[1]: *** [nbproject/Makefile-Serial.mk:59: .build-conf] Error 2
gmake[1]: Leaving directory '/root/Venus/Folders/MyProject'
gmake: *** [nbproject/Makefile-impl.mk:40: .build-impl] Error 2

BUILD FAILED (exit value 2, total time: 157ms)

What I have checked

1. Path: the path is correct. I also selected Relative to Run Directory for Runtime Library Search Path. If the path is incorrect, the compiler error message would be:

gmake2: *** No rule to make target 'lib/trilinos/liba/libepetra.so.12', needed by 'dist/MyProject'. Stop.

(the folder ../liba/.. doesn't exist)

2. g++ and C++ version: G++ is 11.3.0 and C++ is C++11. However, the g++ on my colleague's desktop is 5.4.0.

g++ (Ubuntu 11.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04.1) 11.3.0 (g++ on my Linux)

3. NetBeans version: My NetBeans is version 14, while the one on my colleague's desktop is NetBeans 7 or 8. It's a very old version.

What I am still trying to check:

1. Trilinos version: I still don't know how to check it.

Could someone please help me? I have been struggling with it for several days. I would truly appreciate it! Thank you.

Answer 1

I think I found the root cause and just fixed it. It is because I used the libraries that are compiled on x86-64 (amd64) system, while my MacBook Air M2 is arm64 system. Their machine codes are different so my arm64 doesn't recognize the codes compiled by amd64 system.

> file libepetra.so.12
> libepetra.so.12: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), dynamically linked, BuildID[sha1]=baf33e494c06b548b3c3fbfc159ead5d0424000c, not stripped

Compiling trilinos seems to be the only way to fix it, so I downloaded trilinos 13.0.0 and TriBITS to compile it. Below is my cmake command.

Test system

• Macbook Air M2, 2022 (aarch64 architecture)
• Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS (jammy) based on UTM Virtual Machine

Instructions

1. Download trilinos 13.0.0 from GitHub. Unpack it.
2. Download TriBITS from GitHub. Unpack it.
3. Put TriBITS inside the trilinos folder.
4. Create a subfolder where you want to build trilinos. For example, <path to trilinos unpacked folder>/build
5. Go to the build folder and execute the command cmake listed below.

non-MPI Trilinos

cmake \
-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gcc \
-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/g++ \
-DCMAKE_Fortran_COMPILER=/usr/bin/gfortran \
-DTPL_ENABLE_MPI=OFF \
-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON \
-DTrilinos_ENABLE_AztecOO=ON \
-DTrilinos_ENABLE_Epetra=ON \
-DTrilinos_ENABLE_EpetraExt=ON \
-Dtrilinos_ENABLE_Gtest=ON \
-Dtrilinos_ENABLE_Kokkos=ON \
-Dtrilinos_ENABLE_Teuchos=ON \
-Dtrilinos_ENABLE_Triutils=ON \
-DTrilinos_ENABLE_FLOAT=ON \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/Home/Venus/Folders/NetBeans_Project/MyProject/lib/trilinos \
-DTrilinos_TRIBITS_DIR:STRING=/Home/Venus/Folders/Trilinos-source-13.0.0/TriBITS/tribits \
-DTrilinos_TRIBITS_PACKAGE_USE_TRIBITS_DIR=TRUE \
/Home/Venus/Folders/Trilinos-source-13.0.0

make install

MPI Trilinos

cmake \
-DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/usr/bin/mpicc \
-DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/mpicxx \
-DCMAKE_Fortran_COMPILER=/usr/bin/mpif77 \
-DTPL_ENABLE_MPI=ON \
-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON \
-DTrilinos_ENABLE_AztecOO=ON \
-DTrilinos_ENABLE_Epetra=ON \
-DTrilinos_ENABLE_EpetraExt=ON \
-Dtrilinos_ENABLE_Gtest=ON \
-Dtrilinos_ENABLE_Kokkos=ON \
-Dtrilinos_ENABLE_Teuchos=ON \
-Dtrilinos_ENABLE_Triutils=ON \
-DTrilinos_ENABLE_FLOAT=ON \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/Home/Venus/Folders/NetBeans_Project/MyProject/lib/trilinos-mpi \
-DTrilinos_TRIBITS_DIR:STRING=/Home/Venus/Folders/Trilinos-source-13.0.0/TriBITS/tribits \
-DTrilinos_TRIBITS_PACKAGE_USE_TRIBITS_DIR=TRUE \
/Home/Venus/Folders/Trilinos-source-13.0.0

make install

Now use file command to check the *.so files. Problem solved!

> file libepetra.so.13.0
> libepetra.so.13.0: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, ARM aarch64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), dynamically linked, BuildID[sha1]=6593cc6bd0543c5823989303085c9472200fe144, not stripped